Course Descriptions
The academic departments of The King’s College are comprised of the following areas (course groupings and codes are listed below each department):

Please note: The curriculum is arranged alphabetically by academic department. Special programs follow the department sections. The college administration reserves the right to withdraw any course for which there is insufficient demand.

Bible (BIS)

BIS 150 Introduction to Biblical Literature - NT (3)
An introduction to the distinctive genres of New Testament literature, coupled with hermeneutical principles and methodology for each. Emphasis is given to the development of motivation and aptitude for study and interpretation of the New Testament, as well as application to life. Course assignments will center on acquisition of practical skills useful for independent study of the New Testament. Top

BIS 200 Introduction to Biblical Literature – OT (3)
An introduction to the distinctive genres of Old Testament literature, coupled with hermeneutical principles and methodology for each. Emphasis is given to the development of motivation and aptitude for study and interpretation of the Old Testament, as well as application to life. Course assignments will center on acquisition of practical skills useful for independent study of the Old Testament. Top

BIS 210 Foundations of Christian Thought (3)
An introduction to theology for liberal arts students which addresses the philosophical and historical basis of Christian biblical theology. Particular attention is given to the doctrine of humanity and salvation. Top

BIS 260 Cross-Cultural Team Ministry (2)
A performance course designed to maximize a student’s ability for effective service and leadership of short-term mission teams in cross-cultural settings. Required pre-field, field and post-field assignments will be utilized to challenge and evaluate student’s progress. This course would be for select students who are going on an international trip AND are helping to give leadership to the team in some capacity. The course involves: going through Campus Crusade for Christ’s Macedonian Project training for team leaders; a field experience in which students are serving and leading in some capacity; pre-field readings and assignments; and field/post-field journaling. Top

BIS 360 Philosophical Apologetics (Also PHL 260) (3)
A critical treatment of the problem of method in apologetics and a philosophical analysis of Christianity as a total worldview in comparison with other worldviews. Particular attention will be given to worldviews students are most likely to encounter in the New York context. Top

BIS 380 Church History (3)
A study of the founding, development and spread of the Christian church from the time of the apostles to the end of the 20th century. Attention will be given to major figures and movements in church history that have engaged their cultures and evangelized successfully. Top

Biology (BIO)

BIO 111 Concepts of Biology (4)
Biological principles with emphasis upon understanding general patterns associated with both plants and animals. Included are chemical and cellular basics energy transformations, homeostasis; organ systems, ecological relationships classification, origin of life and bio-ethics. Top

BIO 310 Science and Theories of Origin (Also SCI 417) (3)
A survey of theories of origin, with attention to naturalist and supernaturalist models. Students will be acquainted with a wide range of literature, including the Bible, other classical accounts and contemporary scientific literature. Issues dealt with include epistemology, cosmology, the chemical origins of life, and biology. Top

Business (BUS)

BUS 140 Stewardship and Financial Management (2)
Prerequisite: MAT 117 Mathematical Ideas and Practice or Permission of Instructor
An introduction to the Biblical concept of stewardship and the management of personal finances. After a thorough examination of Scriptural teachings on money and wealth, students are exposed to key areas of finance including time value of money, budgeting, banking, debt and borrowing, investing and financial planning. Students will develop the skills necessary to intelligently manage their financial resources. Top

BUS 220 Financial Accounting (3)
An introduction to accounting principles and their relationship to basic forms of business entities. Emphasis is on accounting theory, balance sheets and income statements. Ethical issues in accounting practices will be addressed and discussed. Top

BUS 230 Business Communications (3)
Prerequisite: ENG 201 College Writing II
The development of the student’s ability to write and present material within the context of the business community, including specific integration of business writing techniques employed to synchronize and clarify detailed material. Varying types of organizational documentation, as well as their function(s) will be of particular concern for a student in this course (i.e., memoranda, white papers, fax and email as well as corporate case studies, organizational analyses and business forecast reporting). Top

BUS 237 Business Communications and Presentations (3)
Prerequisite: ENG 201 College Writing II
Development of the students ability to effectively communicate in the workplace through writing and speaking. It is designed as a core curriculum course for business majors and is specifically concerned with organizational efficiency and integrity in writing as well as verbal and nonverbal elements in presentation skills. Both technology and research are integral aspects of the function of this course. Particular emphasis is placed on understanding the importance of communicating similar messages in multiple formats for organizations. Top

BUS 240 Statistics for Business and Economics (3)
Prerequisite: MAT117 Mathematical Ideas and Practice
An introduction to the discipline of statistics, an intellectual method for gaining knowledge from data. Emphasis is on the elements of statistical thinking. The course engages students in an intuitive study of the distribution of random variables, sampling theory, the estimation and testing of hypotheses and regression and correlation. Applications are taken primarily from the realms of business and economics. Top

BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing (3)
Prerequisite: BUS220 Financial Accounting
An overview of marketing principles as they relate to business in general which includes demonstrating the role of marketing in the company, exploring the relationship of marketing to other functions and showing how effective marketing creates value for consumers. The course exposes students to basic marketing issues including markets and the marketing environment, consumer markets and buying behavior, marketing research, product life cycle, pricing decisions and advertising, among others. Top

BUS 255 Investments and Financial Markets (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 330 Managerial Finance; BUS 240 Applied Statistics for Management; ECON 341 Macroeconomics
An introduction to investments and financial markets covering equities, fixed income and derivative securities. Risk and return, market efficiency, security analysis and valuation and approaches to asset allocation and portfolio management are among the topics discussed. Emphasis is placed on the decision-making skills critical to practitioners in the financial marketplace. Top

BUS 257 Managing Global Enterprises (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
An examination of the major managerial functions within global enterprises, providing an integrated perspective of the dynamics that characterize the global enterprise. The course will enhance students’ abilities to manage across global boundaries as it addresses the special challenges facing global enterprises. The course will identify examples of responsive management and provide insight into effective participation in global markets. Top

BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization (3)
An introductory study of individual and group behavior within business organizations, designed to develop students in multiple areas of leadership effectiveness. Students will be introduced to frameworks and models in order to diagnose problems related to human behavior in organizations. Students will then learn how to exercise leadership to solve such problems. Areas of particular interest include motivation, reward systems, group dynamics, organizational culture, job design, organizational structure and design, conflict management, business ethics and others. Top

BUS 322 Marketing and Consumer Behavior (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
An introduction to the knowledge and skills necessary to perform consumer analyses that can be used for understanding markets and developing effective marketing strategies. Students will be exposed to detailed marketing and consumer behavior issues such as consumer affect and cognition, behavior, consumer decision making, conditioning and learning processes, cultural influences and others. Top

BUS 325 Investment Analysis and Portfolio Management (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 255 Investments and Financial Markets
An examination of the theory and practice of modern investment analysis and portfolio management. This course includes in-depth study of a range of investment valuation models, the development of Modern Portfolio Theory and strategies for constructing and managing investment portfolios. Top

BUS 327 Managing Change and Innovation (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
A survey of the field of change, innovation and the impact of these on the private enterprise system, and change management. Students will be exposed to a wide variety of change issues and innovation types and impacts. Diverse readings range from contemporary sources to Machiavelli. Top

BUS 330 Managerial Finance (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 220 Financial Accounting and BUS 240 Statistics for Business and Economics
A general survey of the fundamental principles of corporate financial management, covering the essential elements of modern corporate finance theory and practice. This course encompasses tools and models for planning the short-term and long-term financial structure and positioning of a firm, including working capital management, asset investments and capital budgeting, corporate capital structure and mergers and acquisitions, among others. Top

BUS 337 Entrepreneurial Management (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
A general survey of the principles of entrepreneurship and the process by which ventures are conceived and developed within the competitive market, presented from the perspective of a Christian worldview. Topics include the tenets of entrepreneurship, developing vision and company mission, entrepreneurial finance, contemporary research in entrepreneurship and others. Student teams will have the opportunity to complete a comprehensive business plan for a product or service idea that they initiate. Top

BUS 340/ECO 212 Principles of Microeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: MAT117 Mathematical Ideas and Practice
An introduction to microeconomic theory and analysis, focusing on decision making by individuals, households and firms. Key economic principles of scarcity, cost-benefit analysis, comparative advantage, supply and demand, and the role of prices and free markets are introduced. Issues of public policy are frequently discussed to highlight applications of these principles. Top

BUS 341/ECO 210 Principles of Macroeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 340 Principles of Microeconomics
An introduction to macroeconomics focusing on aggregate economic relationships and measures such as gross national product, inflation, unemployment and fiscal and monetary policy. Specific economic issues and policy alternatives are discussed and differences among the key schools of economic thought in addressing these issues are highlighted. Top

BUS 342 Quantitative Marketing Methods (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing; BUS 350 Quantitative Methods
A survey of the quantitative management tools required to improve marketing decision making in such areas as strategic marketing, advertising, promotion, pricing and new product development. Students will be exposed to basic issues such as analytical marketing systems, statistical models, market measurement and forecasting and others, with an emphasis on detailed market, competitor and customer analyses. Top

BUS 345 Capital Structures (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 330 Managerial Finance
An examination of the ways in which a firm utilizes the capital budgeting and financing decisions to enhance shareholder value. Students will be exposed to basic issues involved in making decisions about a firm’s financing arrangements including cost of capital, debt/equity structure, dividend policy and the interactions between investment and financing decisions. Top

BUS 347 Entrepreneurship and Venture Formation (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
Introduction to the conceptual framework of entrepreneurial management and development of tools and skills for decision making in developing a new venture. The students will be given a change to design a new venture formation and make its business plan by applying various concepts and tools covered in class. Top

BUS 350 Quantitative Methods (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 220 Financial Accounting; BUS 240 Applied Statistics for Management; BUS 341 Principles of Macroeconomics
An examination of the core components of applied economic research.  In particular, students will be familiarized with multiple regression analysis and with the most basic uses of calculus in contemporary business settings.  Areas of specific interest will include performing multiple regression studies, case analysis including data types and variables, derivatives and integrals, as well as differentiated equations and graphic modeling. Top

BUS 357 Quantitative Analysis and Computer Modeling (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 240 Statistics for Business and Economics
An introduction to quantitative tools for decision making in business. This course offers a solid foundation in both computers and modeling that can be utilized for the students’ professional career. Emphasis in this course is placed on understanding the formulation, analysis, and implementation of decision making tools including budgeting, optimization, sensitivity analysis, decision analysis, and simulation. This course will also help students to build their skill and comfort using the computer to solve real world decision problems, especially using Microsoft Excel. Top

BUS372 Human Resource Management (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
Students will survey various topics in the field of industrial relations and human resource management arising out of the management of labor. Students will cover the major human issues in the workplace, such as selection, promotion, retention, compensation and rewards, fairness, working conditions, teamwork or conflict, and motivation. The term ‘human resource management’ refers to the use of labor by firms, government, and not-for-profit organizations, for competitive advantage. Therefore, students will examine the environment that governs work within firms from the perspective of a manager or a supervisor. Students will also consider the implications of continued changes in labor markets in terms of laws, regulations, technology, and labor unions. Top

BUS 374 Consumer Behavior (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
An advanced course in marketing focusing on the study of human response to products and services and their marketing activities. The course discussion is based on the understanding that consumers are the primary source of revenue for a business and their responses are critical to the success of business. The class topics include the psychological aspect of consumer behavior, the process of consumer judgment and decision making, and related cultural issues. Top

BUS 376 Investment Management (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 330 Managerial Finance and ECO 227 Macroeconomics|
An introduction to investments and financial markets covering equities, fixed income and derivative securities. Risk and return, market efficiency, security analysis and valuation and approaches to asset allocation and portfolio management are among the topics discussed. Emphasis is placed on the decision-making skills critical to practitioners in the financial marketplace. Top

BUS 407 Business Strategy (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
BUS 330 Managerial Finance
An advanced business course that attempts to integrate the student’s previous coursework in management, marketing, and finance. The students will be exposed to a new strategical perspective of business decision through the class discussions on value creation, competitive advantage, the formation of strategy and its implementation as well as survival strategies. The course will focus heavily on the definitions and fundamental concepts of strategical issues in business to ensure the students have a keen understanding of the operating framework of a business in a free market. Top

BUS 417 Legal Studies in Business (3)
This course will overview basic concepts of law and legal process in the United States and other legal systems, and introduce the distinctive features of the American legal system and the basic principles of American substantive and procedural law. Top

The first part of the course will survey the nature of law, the structure of the legal system, criminal law and procedure, torts, and constitutional law. The second part of the course will be devoted to class discussions on the law of contracts. The third part of this course will cover the basic law of business organization including agency, partnerships, and corporations, with an emphasis on the governance of publicly held corporations. Top

BUS 422 Organizational Change (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
A survey of the field of change and innovation and their impact on the private enterprise system. The course also covers change management. Students will be exposed to a wide variety of change issues and innovation types and impacts. Diverse readings range from contemporary sources to Machiavelli. Top

BUS 424 Market Research (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 240 Statistics for Business and Economics and BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
Development of the student’s basic skills to conduct a marketing research project and evaluate its outcome. The students will understand the role of marketing research to formulate marketing problems and find their solutions. They will also gain hand-on experience in using various approaches to the assessment of customer needs and their expected response to new product and service offerings. Top

BUS 426 Valuation/Capital Structure (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 330 Managerial Finance and ECO 227 Macroeconomics
An examination of the ways in which a firm utilizes the capital budgeting and financing decisions to enhance shareholder value. Students will be exposed to basic issues involved in making decisions about a firm’s financing arrangements including cost of capital, debt/equity structure, dividend policy and the interactions between investment and financing decisions. This course includes a study of the basic principles for valuing businesses, their assets, financial instruments and liabilities, along with the financial market contexts in which such valuations occur. The course includes applications of traditional methods of valuation such as replacement cost, discounted cash flow and market comparables, as well as newer valuation tools. Top

BUS 430 Decision Process and Negotiation (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
This course consists of two parts. The first one introduces major behavioral and economic theories to describe the process of decision making under various circumstances. Multiple studies will be reviewed by combining insights from psychology and economics. Top

The second part is negotiation as the art and tool of creating agreements between two or more parties. Based on the basic concepts and analytical skills needed to produce the optimal decision process, this course will provide a broad array of negotiation skills to implement the selected decision-making effectively. Top

BUS 432 Global Marketing (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
A study of marketing strategies in international markets, focusing on the external factors that influence the marketing environment in the global economy. In learning the international marketing process, students will be exposed to cultural, economic, legal and political considerations, international and global marketing strategies, operations, products and services, promotional, pricing and distribution strategies and ethical issues. Top

BUS 435 Corporate Valuation (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 330 Managerial Finance
A study of the basic principles for valuing businesses, their assets, financial instruments, and liabilities, along with the financial market contexts in which such valuations occur. The course will include applications of traditional methods of valuation such as replacement cost, discounted cash flow and market comparables, as well as newer valuation tools. Top

BUS 437 Operations Management (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
An examination of the methods and processes by which products and services are designed, developed, produced and delivered, including the development of effective and efficient systems for the flow of materials and information. The fundamental principles underlying state-of-the-art operational practices such as quick response, just-in-time supply, time-based competition and total quality management are explored. Top

BUS 440 Business Strategy and Market Positioning (3)
Prerequisite: All business major core courses, except BUS 460
The fundamentals of strategic management, beginning with analysis of industry environment and assessment of competitors’ strengths and weaknesses and leading up to development of an organization’s core competencies and the formulation of strategies to realize and sustain competitive advantage. Numerous case analyses provide opportunities for students to master the skills needed to strategically analyze industries and competitors and to develop sound strategic designs. Top

BUS 442 Business Marketing (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing
An introduction to the concepts of marketing to businesses, emphasizing the importance of building customer relationships and the role of technology. The course integrates materials from all business disciplines as it exposes students to basic issues in business marketing including purchasing and materials management, marketing strategy, business marketing channels, pricing and negotiating for value and others. Top

BUS 447 Management of Technologies (3)
This course will expose students to the evolution of technology and its impact on various aspects of business and economy. It will examine how industries are transformed by new technologies and how the organizational strategies and managerial actions shape technological evolution. Since innovation in organizations often involves change, this course also focuses on the challenges and pragmatics of managing organizational change. Top

BUS 450 Business Ethics (3)
Prerequisites: BUS 252 Introduction to Marketing and BUS 320 Principles of Management and Organization
An examination of the ethical and stewardship responsibilities of business leaders by integrating the knowledge students have gained in their liberal arts education, particularly the Bible/theology courses they will have taken, with the foundations and normative practices of business. Students will study the ethical and stewardship dimensions of financial statements and company mission statements. Visiting business leaders will address ethical problems in such areas as employment, meeting performance goals and training employees in ethical and social values. Top

BUS 457 Senior Project (3)
Prerequisite: Senior Standing
The Senior Project is the culmination of the student’s academic work at the college and is required for graduation. Students work extensively with faculty members and make an original research contribution in their chosen topic. Students are expected to spend a semester conducting research and writing on a topic of their choice approved by their thesis advisor. Top

BUS 460 Integrated Senior Seminar (3)
Prerequisite: All business major core courses, except BUS 440
An examination of the relationship of the Judeo-Christian worldview and the role of capitalism on the national and global business scenes, including a research study on the applicability of the Ten Commandments to business. As the culmination of their Business Major, teams of students develop a worldview thesis applied to specific business issues and cases so that each student formulates and appropriates a biblical worldview that will serve as a firm guide for a leadership position in business. Top

BUS 467 Business Management Internship (3)
Prerequisite: Management Majors Having Completed Junior Year
A semester long internship with a sponsoring organization in the field of contemporary management. Requiring from 12 to 20 hours per week for a period of at least ten weeks, the internship will enable students to experience the practical, real-world application of the principles, concepts and tools that they have learned in the classroom. Top

BUS 472 International Business (3)
An examination of the major managerial functions within global enterprises, providing an integrated perspective of the dynamics that characterize the global enterprise. The course will enhance students’ abilities to manage across global boundaries as it addresses the special challenges facing global enterprises. Students will identify examples of responsive management and provide insight in how to participate effectively in global markets. Top

BUS 474 Venture Capital and Funding (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 240 Statistics for Business and Economics and BUS 330 Managerial Finance
This course has been designed as an advanced course in finance with an emphasis on entrepreneurship. It introduces the venture capital industry with an emphasis on the financial and economic tools useful for venture capital investing including leveraged buyout. In this course, students will review the capital budgeting decision of venture capital and evaluate financial issues involved in determining its source of funding. The private equity market will be introduced as a major financing source and various methods in private equity transactions will be examined including their relative strengths and weaknesses. Top

Communications (COM)

COM 210 Fundamentals of Speech (Also, English 210) (2)
Prerequisite: English 101 and 201
This course will cover the preparation and delivery of speeches, with emphasis on organization, logical thinking and poise in the integrated use of the body and voice in effective expression. Built on the course content of English 110 and 120, emphasis will be placed on perceptive listening as well as speaking and oral reading. Top

COM 257 Rhetoric (3)
Prerequisite: ENG 201 College Writing II
This course offers instruction on how to write short persuasive essays such as those suitable for publication as op-ed articles in newspapers or commentary in political magazines. Students are equipped to compete in the marketplace of ideas by honing their skills to write essays that can win a place in the secular media and attract the attention of a mass audience. Top

COM 281 Techniques of Journalistic Unity (3)
Joint intensive summer institute with World Journalism Institute and The King's College Top

College preparatory courses (CPP)

CPP 080 College Preparatory Writing (NC)
A review of the fundamentals of English grammar and the basics of writing sentences, paragraphs and short themes. This course does not carry academic credit. Top

CPP 090 College Preparatory Algebra (NC)
The development of the quantitative skills required for success in and beyond college. Topics include: real number system and calculator use for arithmetic; ratio, proportion and percentages; arithmetical word problems; polynomial arithmetic; relations and functions – especially linear, quadratic, exponential, and logarithmic functions; use of functions as models of real problems; production and interpretation of graphs; and the roots of polynomial and rational functions. This course does not carry academic credit. Top

Computer Science (CSC)

CSC 253 Introduction to Computer Concepts I (3)
Prerequisite: Successful completion of the King’s College AA degree or equivalent
A brief overview of the history and current status of digital technology with the goal of identifying key aspects of the dissemination of technological innovation in the US and world society. Also, an orientation to the importance of digital technology in professional life and identification of trends that impact personal life, government, business, and education. This course will be an initiation to skill acquisition in the use of essential software applications, e.g., Email, Web browsers, word processing, spreadsheets, and databases. Successful students will complete this course with the ability to name and discuss the aspects of technology that are most likely to impact their studies as well as their professional and personal lives. They will be able to explain and discuss the fundamentals of the dissemination of innovation as they apply to digital technology. They will have mastered a set of meta-skills that allow them to enhance their own competency in the use of computer applications, particularly in the Windows environment. Top

CSC 254 Introduction to Computer Concepts II (3)
Prerequisite: CSC 251
This course is a continuation of CSC 251. Successful students will acquire a deeper understanding of the dissemination of innovation in the field of digital technology as a driving force in society and the national and world economy and its importance for their education and future careers. Students will manifest their ability to enhance their proficiency in essential applications such as browsers and office-suite software through the use of electronic performance support systems such as wizards and other help resources resident in the software applications. Top

CSC 351/ EDU 351 Computer Applications in Teaching I (2)
Prerequisite: CSC 252.
Examples used in the course come primarily form K-12 education in New Your City schools. Students will derive an understanding of essential principles through the practical investigation of specific digital technologies as they relate to specific learner target populations based on grade level and other learner attributes know to influence learning. The major content of this course centers on: i) orientation to the history and current status of educational technology; ii) overview of learning theory as it applies to educational technology; and iii) problem centered and/or case-study investigation of the application of specific digital technologies for supporting specific learning tasks and objectives. The successful learner will be able to identify and discuss the strengths and weaknesses, advantages and dangers of typical instructional interventions involving specific educational technology applications such as Email or Web browsing in a K-12 setting, calling on specific illustrations from actual interventions in York City schools or other urban school settings. Top

CSC 352/ EDU 352 Computer Applications in Teaching II (2)
Prerequisite: CSC 351/EDU 352
This is a continuation of CSC/EDU 351 with an added emphasis on the design of instructional interventions involving educational technology. Major content areas include: i) identification of specific learning needs that might be addressed through the use of educational technology applications; ii) design of a proposed project to implement a specific educational technology intervention to address a specific need or set of needs; and iii) development of a draft budget and funding proposal to support such an intervention. The successful student will complete this course with the proven ability to work as part of a team to develop an educational technology plan and seek needed funding to address specific learner needs through specific software applications. Top

Economics (ECO)

ECO 117 Fundamentals of Economics (3)
An introduction to economics with an overview of political economy and economic issues. Students will examine the history of economics, beginning with the Greeks, using pertinent newspaper and magazine articles to show the contemporary relevance of the issues. After analyzing the work of leading political economists, students will review current economic issues. Top

ECO 210/BUS 341 Principles of Macroeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: BUS 340 Principles of Microeconomics
An introduction to macroeconomics focusing on aggregate economic relationships and measures such as gross national product, inflation, unemployment and fiscal and monetary policy. Specific economic issues and policy alternatives are discussed and differences among the key schools of economic thought in addressing these issues are highlighted. Top

ECO 212/BUS 340 Principles of Microeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: MAT 131 College Algebra
An introduction to microeconomic theory and analysis, focusing on decision making by individuals, households and firms. Key economic principles of scarcity, cost-benefit analysis, comparative advantage, supply and demand and the role of prices and free markets are introduced. Issues of public policy are frequently discussed to highlight applications of these principles. Top

ECO 217 Microeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: MAT 117 Mathematical Ideas and Practice
An introduction to microeconomic theory and analysis, focusing on decision making by individuals, households and firms. Key economic principles of scarcity, cost-benefit analysis, comparative advantage, supply and demand and the role of prices and free markets are introduced. Issues of public policy are frequently discussed to highlight applications of these principles. Top

ECO 227 Macroeconomics (3)
Prerequisite: ECO217 Microeconomics
An introduction to macroeconomics focusing on aggregate economic relationships and measures such as gross national product, inflation, unemployment and fiscal and monetary policy. Specific economic issues and policy alternatives are discussed and differences among the key schools of economic thought in addressing these issues are highlighted. Top

ECO 317 History of Economic Thought I (1797-1914) (3)
Prerequisite: ECO 117 Fundamentals of Economics
Students in this course investigate key economic events and the accompanying developments in economic theory from 1797, when the Bank of England left the gold standard, to 1914, the start of the First World War. With an emphasis on monetary history and policies, students will examine the economic thought of this key period. Top

ECO 327 History of Economic Thought II (1914-1988) (3)
Prerequisite: ECO 317 History of Economic Thought I (1797-1914)
This course describes key economic events and the accompanying developments in economic theory from the First World War through the stagflation of the 1970s. Students will study Keynesian theory, the Great Depression, and the reconstruction of the world economy after the Second World War. Top

ECO 417 Public Choice (3)
Prerequisite: ECO 227 Macroeconomics
This course is designed to introduce students to the economic analysis of political science or positive political economy. The class focuses on the role and function of government, and governmental decision-making, with an emphasis on regulation, voting theory and the interaction between public and private interests. Top

ECO437: Political Economy (3)
Prerequisite: ECO 227 Macroeconomics
This course offers theoretical insights into current macroeconomic issues. Students are introduced to a number of models. Emphasis is placed on the choices facing states in economic management and the limitations markets place on those policies. Top

ECO 477 Stewardship (3)
Prerequisite: MAT 117 Mathematical Ideas and Practice
An introduction to the Biblical concept of stewardship and the management of our personal finances. After a thorough examination of Scriptural teachings on money and wealth, students are exposed to key areas of finance including the time value of money, budgeting, banking, debt and borrowing, investing and financial planning. Students will develop the skills necessary to intelligently manage their financial resources. Top

Education (EDU)

EDU 322 History and Philosophy of Education (3)
A survey of important movements, educators and schools of thought from the Egyptian Period to the present, from a Christian perspective. Top

EDU 324 Principles of Guidance and Counseling (3)
A survey course of the principles and practices in guidance and counseling. Students will examine guidance and counseling methods with particular reference to the problems and practices in individual and group approaches to guidance in elementary and secondary schools. Top

EDU 325 Child Psychology (Also, PSY 220) (3)
Prerequisite: PSY 110
Development of the individual from conception through later childhood. Emphasis is placed on the concept of development and on the contribution of such factors as the learning process, the development of the self and the roles of genetics and society in the behavior of the child. Top

EDU 340 Teaching Elementary Reading (3)
Hands-on, one-on-one, teacher/child tutoring training and experience. Students will evaluate reading skill needs and develop lesson plans based on the Weekly Lesson Plan Prescription. Students will spend the semester working directly with a child under the supervision of a professional teacher. Grades are based on the cooperating teacher’s evaluation, the child's progress reports and the student’s lesson plans. Top

EDU 350 Introduction to Learning Disabilities (3)
An interactive approach to understanding a broad range of learning disabilities and approaches to serving the disabled child.  The course emphasizes identification of learning disabilities, examination of testing and evaluation tools, development of behavioral objectives, individualized educational programs (IEPs) and teaching strategies, and exploration of the relationship of school and family involvement.  Students will participate in classroom observations and test administration. Top

EDU 380 Teaching Elementary Social Studies (3)
A methods course that examines facets of the social studies curriculum.  Students will study methods of teaching history, geography, anthropology, government, and economics.  Students will also evaluate personal concepts such as study skills, values, self-esteem, and relationships (ranging from interpersonal to international relationships).  Throughout, this course will challenge students to think biblically about the social sciences that they are teaching.  Top

EDU 381 Curriculum Evaluation and Development (3)
This education course explores teaching in the elementary school including the role of the teacher, understanding the elementary child in culture, planning for curriculum development; organizing for instruction and major curricula issues today. Competencies in writing behavioral objectives and lesson plans using educational taxonomy are developed. Top

EDU 384 Assessment Methods and Strategies (3)
This course is an examination of the different methods and strategies in assessment. It looks at the role of assessment in curriculum design, instructional strategies, and the cultural factors in assessment. Top

EDU 385 Preventing School Violence, Child Abuse and Abduction (3)
This course is an overview of violence in schools, factors that contribute to school violence, profiles of likely perpetrators and likely victims of school violence. The course also covers strategies for ensuring school safety, the role of parents and community in preventing school violence. Finally it addresses the causes and factors of child abuse, what to do when child abuse is suspected or observed, child abduction prevention and school safety drills. Top

EDU 410 Sociology of Urban Education (3)
This course prepares students for a lifetime of teaching in the urban environment by providing tools that are peculiar to urban schools.  Using texts such as *Trends and issues in Urban Education* and *Multicultural Education: Issues and Perspectives*, students will survey the unique opportunities and challenges posed by urban education.  Among topics covered will be poverty and educational achievement, typologies of multicultural education, school reform; parent and community involvement, and bilingual education. Top

EDU 460 Integrative Seminar Concurrent with: EDU 480,481 (2)
An opportunity for students to evaluate progress in their major field and broaden their knowledge of practical aspects of the teaching profession. Students will reflect on and discuss issues that come up in supervised student teaching, including the role of the teacher, the challenges of students with special needs, schools in high need areas, application of technology in the classroom, etc. The course is divided into two 1-credit courses taken alongside with EDU 480 and 481 in the junior and senior year respectively. Top

EDU 462 Diagnosis and Remediation of Reading Disabilities (3)
Prerequisite: EDU 340.
Competencies developed in the administration and evaluation of standardized and informal tests, formal reading inventories and phonic surveys. Deficiencies, strengths and learning styles identified. Appropriate methods, materials and approaches prescribed in a practicum situation. Top

EDU 480 Supervised Student Teaching I (6)
Prerequisites: EDU 110, 340, 324, 325, 322, 332, 250, IDS290
An internship placement in a public school at the primary level (grade 1-3). The student is supervised by a classroom teacher and a college supervisor. The student will demonstrate competency in organization, instructional, educational strategies and the use of technology in the classroom. Seminar meets once a week concurrently with practice teaching. Individual conferences held with students. One of the teaching practices must be in a high need situation. Students must provide their own transportation. Top

EDU 481 Supervised Student Teaching II (6)
An internship placement in a public school at the primary level (grade 4-6). The student is supervised by a classroom teacher and a college supervisor. The student will demonstrate competency in organization, instructional, educational strategy and the use of technology in the classroom. Students must enroll in EDU 460, Integrative Seminar concurrently with this course. Individual conferences will also be held with students. One of the teaching practices must be in a high need situation. Students must provide their own transportation. Seminar meets once a week concurrently with practice teaching. Individual conferences held with students. One of the teaching practices must be in a high need situation. Students must provide their own transportation. Top

English (ENG)

ENG 101 College Writing I (3)
Students will develop competency in the art of writing, with an emphasis on the personal essay. This course includes: a brief review of grammar and usage, frequent practice in writing compositions and analysis of selected essays as models for writing. Top

ENG 201 College Writing II (3)
Prerequisite: English 101 with a grade of “C” or higher.
An emphasis on academic writing in order for students to develop competency in the areas of research and analysis. Particular emphasis is placed upon the collection of information through varying sources, the citation of that information and student response to such information in the appropriate academic format. Top

ENG 210 Fundamentals of Speech (Also COM 210) (2)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
Built on course content of English 110 and 120, students will gain experience in the preparation and delivery of speeches, stressing organization, logical thinking and poise in the integrated use of the body and voice in effective expression. Emphasis will be placed on perceptive listening as well as speaking and oral reading. Top

ENG 215 World Literature (4)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
A survey of literary texts ranging from classical to modern works. Genres range from epic poetry to fiction and drama. Readers will master common genres within the literary realm, focusing on authors who have exercised an enduring influence on their craft. Selected masterpieces of world literature, include Virgil, Dante, Shakespeare, Milton, Achebe, and Baldwin. Top

ENG 225 Survey of English Literature (3)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
A study of the development of English literature, focusing on Beowulf, Johnson, Blake, Woolf and recognized contemporary writers. Special attention will be paid to developing the student’s analytical skills. Top

ENG 235 Survey of American Literature (3)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
A study of the development of American literature, focusing on Edwards, Franklin, Whitman, Twain, Dickenson, Fitzgerald and recognized contemporary writers. Top

ENG 250 Advanced Composition (2)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
Intensive practice in expository writing in connection with analysis of literacy selections for form and style, conducted as a seminar in which manuscripts are read and criticized by class members. Top

ENG 320 Oral Interpretation (3)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
An introduction to the techniques and types of literature used in the art of Oral Interpretation, with an emphasis on analysis and the use of the voice and body for effective oral presentation. The technique of reading aloud from works of literary art with attention to the analysis necessary for appreciation and understanding of the materials to be performed. Top

ENG 410 Renaissance Literature (3)
Prerequisites: ENG 101 and ENG 201 with grades of “C” or higher.
A study of the poetry, prose and drama of the Elizabethan period, with emphasis on Shakespeare, Sidney, Spencer and Marlowe. Special attention will be given to historical contexts and the development of literary genres. Top

English as a Second Language (ESL)

ESL 101 Reading and Vocabulary (NC)
An introductory-level class with a focus on developing basic vocabulary and reading skills. Top

ESL 102 Listening and Speaking (NC)
An introductory-level class with a focus on developing communicative listening, speaking and pronunciation skills. Top

ESL 103 Composition and Grammar (NC)
An introductory-level class with a focus on constructing meaningful and grammatically-accurate sentences. Top

ESL 104/204 Culture and Worldview (NC)
An overview of common American values and culture through real-life observations, interviews, lectures, videos, readings, and comparisons of American beliefs and behaviors. Top

ESL 105 Academic Enrichment (NC)
Firsthand opportunities for students to experience the richness of American culture through weekly field trips to famous and exciting places such as the Statue of Liberty, the New York Stock Exchange, the United Nations, Rockefeller Center, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Central Park, Times Square and Yankee Stadium. Top

ESL 106 TOEFL® Course (NC)
Recommended for students who want to enter an American college or university—this dynamic 21 hour course starts with a comprehensive introduction to the TOEFL®, moves toward specific test-taking strategies and skills for each section of the test, and incorporates TOEFL® specific vocabulary lessons. Offered 5 times per year, this 7-week course is taught by an experienced TOEFL® instructor. Minimum TOEFL® score of 133/450 (computer/paper) is required to register. Top

ESL 107 Business English Course (NC)
Recommended for all students with an interest in business—this foundational 21 hour course focuses on business speaking, business writing, and American business culture. Offered 5 times per year, this 7-week course is taught by an experienced instructor with a business degree and background. Minimum TOEFL® score of 133/450 (computer/paper) required to register. Top

ESL 201 Reading and Vocabulary (NC)
A low-intermediate class with a focus on rapidly increasing students’ vocabulary and use of reading strategies. Top

ESL 202 Listening and Speaking (NC)
A low-intermediate class which teaches students to utilize a variety of conversational strategies in conversational situations. Top

ESL 203 Composition and Grammar (NC)
A low-intermediate class in which students learn to develop organized and coherent paragraphs and essays. Top

ESL 301 Reading and Vocabulary (NC)
A high-intermediate class in which students develop awareness of abstract concepts and relationships between ideas. Top

ESL 302 Listening and Speaking (NC)
A high-intermediate class which builds upon students’ existing academic skills in listening and speaking. Top

ESL 303 Composition and Grammar (NC)
A high-intermediate class which helps students improve real-life writing skills through email and computer technology. Top

ESL 304 Culture and Worldview (NC)
A high-intermediate class using film and popular music to understand how Americans view themselves, their culture, and their history. Top

ESL 401 Reading and Vocabulary (NC)
An advanced class with a focus on expanding academic and comprehension skills to college-level ability. Top

ESL 402 Listening and Speaking (NC)
An advanced class in which students learn to develop advanced oral presentation and communicative skills. Top

ESL 403 Composition and Grammar (NC)
An advanced class which prepares students for entry and success in college-level writing. Top

ESL 404 Culture and Worldview (NC)
An advanced class which teaches students to identify and analyze the impact of human worldview on personal choices and values, through the exploration of timeless questions in philosophy, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and aesthetics. Top

Geography (GEG)

GEG 210 Fundamental Issues in World Geography (2/3)
The identification and study of key global issues to develop a world (global) mindset and spatial understanding. Issues to be covered will include world religions, poverty and poverty alleviation, resources and trade, population and environmental degradation, human disasters and global health. Top

GEG 341 Land and People of North America (3)
A study of the basic geographic background of for the USA and Canada . The themes covered include, land forms, settlements and settlement patterns, agriculture, industrial and commercial organization, cultures and culture regions as well as human impacts on the environment. Top

GEG 431 Regional Geography of Africa (3)
A thematic examination of the African subcontinents physical, economic, and political changes, patterns of human use, resources and dynamics of change examined of change. Top

Goverment (GOV)

GOV 220 American Government (2)
A comprehensive analysis of the American political system using available analytical methods. This course addresses the issues and problems faced by federal, state and local governments. Special attention is paid to the separation of powers and the roles of political parties and interest groups affecting free government. Top

GOV 350 Classical Political Philosophy (3)
Primary attention is given to Aristotle’s Politics as a competitor to Plato’s Republic. Aristotle is said to have corrected and systematized the philosophic speculations of Socrates and Plato. Discussion will include comparisons with modern political thinkers and the Bible. Top

GOV 355 Constitutional Law (3)
A discussion on the nature of the Constitution as “first principles” or “a living document.” Included is an analysis of important Supreme Court decisions since the founding with a focus on their political and moral impact upon American society. Also included are the changing conceptions of the role of the Constitution and the Supreme Court in American society. Top

GOV 360 (Also PHL 360) Plato’s Republic (3)
Plato’s Republic is the foundational work in the history of political philosophy and the conceptions of government to which modern political philosophy is a reaction or rejection. The Socratic method in politics will be studied through a careful reading of Plato’s work. Top

GOV 365 Statesmanship (3)
Differentiating statesman from politicians by means of an examination of the speeches, life and leadership of Abraham Lincoln. Plutarch’s Lives of Noble Greek and Romans and Suetonius’ Twelve Caesars as well as works from Winston Churchill and the lives of selected American leaders will also be examined. Top

History (HIS)

HIS 110 History of Civilization (for Education majors only) (4)
A thorough examination of the development of civilization with considerable attention to ancient cultures and their significant contributions to making the contemporary world what it is today. Students are encouraged to recognize how various peoples have helped to construct the civilization of which we are all a part. This course serves as a framework for the integration and understanding of all the other liberal arts. Top

HIS117 American Civilization I (3)
This course explores American history from the early settlement of North American until the Civil War. Special emphasis is given to the American colonial period and revolution, American exceptionalism, slavery, and the roots of the civil war. Top

HIS127 American Civilization II (3)
Prerequisite: HIS 117 American Civilization I
Students will explore the political, cultural, and economic development of the United States from reconstruction to the present day. During this period, the United States underwent reconstruction after the civil war, entered the modern industrial age, experimented with imperialism, abandoned isolationism, fought two major wars, became a global power, experienced an extended campaign for civil rights, and entered a period of major cultural change. This course takes students through these dramatic changes and will increase their understanding of American civilization and the American experience. Top

HIS217: Western Civilization I (also LIT 217) (3)

Students will focus on the development of civilization with considerable attention to the contributions of Greek, Roman, and Medieval European civilizations to the development of the modern world. This course serves as a framework for the integration and understanding of all other liberal arts. Top

HIS227: Western Civilization II (also LIT 227) (3)
Prerequisite: HIS 217/LIT 217 Western Civilization I
Students will examine the development of civilization with considerable attention to the contributions of the Renaissance, the Reformation, the Enlightenment, and the Scientific Revolution to the development of the modern world. After becoming familiar with the great events and personalities that have shaped the west, students will identify major philosophical trends that have created the modern world. Top

Interdisiciplinary Studies Courses (IDS)

IDS 110 Self-Discovery and Career Planning (2)
An exploration, using traditional and experiential teaching methods, of the fundamental questions of, “Who am I?”, “Where am I going?”, “How am I going to get there?” as it applies to students’ career exploration. It introduces students to Self-Discovery by utilizing and analyzing the validity of personality and assessment tools. IDS 110 also provides a simulated Career Planning process whereby student engage in occupational exploration, resume-writing and mock-interviewing. Top

IDS 250 Arts and Culture (4)
An interweaving of common features of major movements in creative human expression, involving music, architecture, painting, sculpture, etc.—ranging from the classical tradition to contemporary forms. There is a historical, topical and thematic emphasis. A lab fee of $55 will be charged to cover site visits and other activities.

IDS 251 Arts and Culture Seminar (2-4)
An elective seminar for students interested in pursuing further work in special selected topics in culture and the fine arts. This could include trips abroad to study these topics. Top

IDS 280 Leadership (2)